{"id":2416,"date":"2016-09-19T03:58:22","date_gmt":"2016-09-19T03:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/?p=2416"},"modified":"2021-11-29T22:09:03","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T22:09:03","slug":"lcd-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/lcd-history\/","title":{"rendered":"The fascinating history of the LCD: From carrot cholesterol to TFTs with capacitive touch screens."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-container ugb-container ugb-c291c1f ugb-container--v2 ugb-container--design-basic ugb-main-block\"><style>.ugb-c291c1f-wrapper.ugb-container__wrapper{border-radius:0px !important;background-color:#e8e8e9 !important}.ugb-c291c1f-wrapper.ugb-container__wrapper:before{background-color:#e8e8e9 !important}.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > h1,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > h2,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > h3,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > h4,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > h5,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > h6{color:#222222}.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > p,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > ol li,.ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper > ul li{color:#222222}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ugb-c291c1f > .ugb-inner-block > .ugb-block-content > *{padding-top:10px !important;padding-bottom:10px !important;padding-right:10px !important;padding-left:10px !important}}<\/style><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-container__wrapper ugb-c291c1f-wrapper\"><div class=\"ugb-container__side\"><div class=\"ugb-container__content-wrapper ugb-c291c1f-content-wrapper\">\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"yoast-reading-time__wrapper\"><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__icon\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" data-icon=\"clock\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" style=\"display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.1em\" role=\"img\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\"2\" d=\"M12 8v4l3 3m6-3a9 9 0 11-18 0 9 9 0 0118 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__spacer\" style=\"display:inline-block;width:1em\"><\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__descriptive-text\">Estimated reading time:  <\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__reading-time\">5<\/span><span class=\"yoast-reading-time__time-unit\"> minutes<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>Table of contents<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-what-are-liquid-crystals\" data-level=\"2\">What are liquid crystals?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-1888-the-discovery-of-liquid-crystals-in-carrot-cholesterol\" data-level=\"2\">1888: The discovery of liquid crystals &#8230;in carrot cholesterol<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-1927-1936-liquid-crystals-developed-into-light-valves\" data-level=\"2\">1927-1936: Liquid crystals developed into light valves<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-1968-the-first-liquid-crystal-display\" data-level=\"2\">1968: The first liquid crystal display<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-the-development-of-tn-and-stn-lcds\" data-level=\"2\">The development of TN and STN LCDs<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-the-development-of-thin-film-transistor-tft-lcds\" data-level=\"2\">The development of Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCDs<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-integration-of-tft-lcds-with-capacitive-touch-screens\" data-level=\"2\">Integration of TFT LCDs with capacitive touch screens<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-are-liquid-crystals\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">What are liquid crystals?<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Liquid crystals are a class of molecular compounds which have one or more phases between the solid crystalline phase (like salt) and the isotropic liquid phase (like water). If you want to get really into the details, read our other article on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/liquid-crystal\/\">what is \u201cliquid crystal\u201d?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"scientist studying carrots in laboratory\" class=\"wp-image-2417\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1888-the-discovery-of-liquid-crystals-in-carrot-cholesterol\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">1888: The discovery of liquid crystals &#8230;in carrot cholesterol<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Did you know carrots have cholesterol? Well, it&#8217;s true! In 1888, the Austrian biologist <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friedrich_Reinitzer\">Friedri<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friedrich_Reinitzer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">c<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Friedrich_Reinitzer\">h Reinitzer<\/a> first discovered that certain derivatives of cholesterol (i.e. acetate, benzoate, etc.) extracted from carrots seemed to have two melting points: One from solid crystal into a milky fluid, and a second from the milky fluid into a clear fluid. Together with the physicist <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Otto_Lehmann_(physicist)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Otto Lehman<\/a>, Reinitzer concluded that the \u2018intermediate fluid\u2019 had crystalline characteristics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1927-1936-liquid-crystals-developed-into-light-valves\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">1927-1936: Liquid crystals developed into light valves<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_138170882-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Cholesteryl benzoate liquid crystal molecule, chemical structure. \" class=\"wp-image-2418\" width=\"184\" height=\"138\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though studied extensively in the years following Reinitzer\u2019s discovery, it wasn\u2019t until 1927 that <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vsevolod_Frederiks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Vsevolod Frederiks<\/a> first devised an electrically-switched light valve called the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fr%C3%A9edericksz_transition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fr\u00e9edericksz Transition<\/a>\u201d. This is the essential effect of all LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) technology. In 1936, the first practical application of the technology was patented by the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marconi_Company\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marconi Wireless Telegraph company<\/a> as &#8220;The Liquid Crystal Light Valve&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Liquid crystals have the ability to modulate light. They do not emit light, but when oriented properly by and subject to an electric potential, they can be used to change the state of light passing through or reflecting from the liquid crystal depending on an applied electric potential. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-1968-the-first-liquid-crystal-display\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">1968: The first liquid crystal display<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1968, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/George_H._Heilmeier\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">George Heilmeier<\/a> at RCA laboratories first devised a display. This first display used a dynamic scattering effect based on ionic currents causing turbulent flow in the liquid crystal, which in turn gave rise to domains which effectively scattered light while the current was flowing. Meanwhile, without current, the flow would stop and the display would become clear. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Though this type of display was not suitable for battery operation, the idea kicked off extensive application research in liquid crystals displays. Still, in the 60s, Heilmeier showed that dye molecules can be switched by liquid crystals and that this allowed an electric-field-dependent contrast effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-development-of-tn-and-stn-lcds\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">The development of TN and STN LCDs<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_22718371-e1633449653939.jpg\" alt=\"old casio watch with TN display\" class=\"wp-image-14050\" width=\"191\" height=\"191\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the early \u201970s \u2013 almost simultaneously \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Martin_Schadt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Martin Schadt<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolfgang_Helfrich\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wolfgang Helfrich<\/a>, as well as <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/James_Fergason\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">James Fergasson<\/a> with support by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alfred_Saupe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alfred Saupe<\/a>, developed TN displays, which quickly found widespread application in Swiss and Japanese wrist watches. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1984, Terry Scheffer and J. Nehring published and patented super twisted nematic (STN) LCDs, which allowed much higher information content in passive displays. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Also in the \u201980s, Clark and Lagerwall developed ferroelectric liquid crystals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the early 90s, the type of liquid crystal the Reinitzer discovered (Cholesteric Liquid Crystals) found its way into <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/markets\/\">display applications<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-development-of-thin-film-transistor-tft-lcds\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">The development of Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCDs<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_207269731.jpg\" alt=\"modern LCD TV compared to an old CRT TV\" class=\"wp-image-14051\" width=\"269\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_207269731.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_207269731-300x210.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_207269731-768x538.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_207269731-700x490.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_207269731-940x658.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 269px) 100vw, 269px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1972, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T_Peter_Brody\">T. Peter Brody<\/a> and his team at <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Westinghouse_Electric_(1886)\">Westinghouse<\/a> developed the first <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/products\/tft-displays\/\">AM (Active Matrix) LCD displays<\/a>, employing thin film transistors in each picture element to independently control the state of the liquid crystal in each pixel. Today, virtually all color LCD panels manufactured are of the AM type.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Twenty years later, in 1992 NEC and Hitachi became the first AM LCD manufacturers to use IPS technology. This was a breakthrough for large-screen LCDs with an acceptable visual performance for flat-panel computer screens and television applications. By the end of 2007, LCD television sales surpassed those of CRTs for the first time. Within one year, the CRT was considered obsolete for television manufacturing and just about every other practical application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_1899511723-scaled-e1633450256959.jpg\" alt=\"The first iPhone\" class=\"wp-image-14052\" width=\"195\" height=\"160\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-integration-of-tft-lcds-with-capacitive-touch-screens\"><strong><span style=\"color: #286390;\" class=\"ugb-highlight\">Integration of TFT LCDs with capacitive touch screens<\/span><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At around the same time that LCDs were overtaking CRTs in television application, Apple launched their original iPhone equipped with a revolutionary user interface (UI) primarily enabled through a <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/products\/preci-touch\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">projected capacitive touch screen<\/a> bonded to the LCD. Today, the vast majority of smartphones and tablets employ the same TFT LCD with capacitive touch screen module integration as the central component of their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/ui-design-touch-screen-displays\/\">user interface design.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-contact-form-7-contact-form-selector\">\n<div class=\"wpcf7 no-js\" id=\"wpcf7-f63-o1\" lang=\"en-US\" dir=\"ltr\" data-wpcf7-id=\"63\">\n<div class=\"screen-reader-response\"><p role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\"><\/p> <ul><\/ul><\/div>\n<form action=\"\/ch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2416#wpcf7-f63-o1\" method=\"post\" class=\"wpcf7-form init\" aria-label=\"Contact form\" novalidate=\"novalidate\" data-status=\"init\">\n<fieldset class=\"hidden-fields-container\"><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7\" value=\"63\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_version\" value=\"6.1.6\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wpcf7_locale\" value=\"en_US\" \/><input 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!important}.ugb-857566d .ugb-block-title{font-weight:bold !important;color:#286390}<\/style><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><h2 class=\"ugb-block-title\">Related Topics<\/h2><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><article class=\"ugb-blog-posts__item\"><div class=\"ugb-blog-posts__content\"><figure class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/types-of-lcd-technology\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/LCD-Alphabet-Soup-Image.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"LCD Alphabet Soup\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"ugb-blog-posts__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/types-of-lcd-technology\/\">LCD Alphabet Soup: Understanding Types of LCD Technology<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/article><article class=\"ugb-blog-posts__item\"><div class=\"ugb-blog-posts__content\"><figure class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/nvd-announces-sun-vision-display-reflective-lcd-computer-monitor\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Linkedin-Post_computer-monitor_1000x1000.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Sun Vision Display 32&quot; color RLCD computer monitor\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"ugb-blog-posts__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/nvd-announces-sun-vision-display-reflective-lcd-computer-monitor\/\">New Vision Display Announces 32&#8243; Computer Monitor Driven by Full Color Reflective LCD Technology<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/article><article class=\"ugb-blog-posts__item\"><div class=\"ugb-blog-posts__content\"><figure class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/multiplex-addressing\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"382\" height=\"382\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Multiplex-Addressing-e1633098297294.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Multiplex Addressing\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"ugb-blog-posts__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/multiplex-addressing\/\">What is multiplex addressing?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/article><article class=\"ugb-blog-posts__item\"><div class=\"ugb-blog-posts__content\"><figure class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/birefringence\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"481\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Light-direction.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"light waves in birefringent 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class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/liquid-crystal\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"601\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/shutterstock_386919061-e1527866825859.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"liquid crystals\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"ugb-blog-posts__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/liquid-crystal\/\">What is &#8220;liquid crystal&#8221;?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/article><article class=\"ugb-blog-posts__item\"><div class=\"ugb-blog-posts__content\"><figure class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/standard-vs-custom-display-modules\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/IMG_7917-scaled-e1631134141884-1024x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"Custom flex tail\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"ugb-blog-posts__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/standard-vs-custom-display-modules\/\">Standard vs custom display modules \u2013 what\u2019s better for your project?<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/article><article class=\"ugb-blog-posts__item\"><div class=\"ugb-blog-posts__content\"><figure class=\"ugb-blog-posts__featured-image ugb--shadow-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/clean-electronic-device-display\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/shutterstock_260173838-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-post-image\" alt=\"LCD manufacturer\" \/><\/a><\/figure><h3 class=\"ugb-blog-posts__title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/clean-electronic-device-display\/\">How to clean your electronic device display<\/a><\/h3><\/div><\/article><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n  \"@type\": \"BlogPosting\",\n  \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\n    \"@type\": \"WebPage\",\n    \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/lcd-history\/\"\n  },\n  \"headline\": \"The fascinating history of the LCD: From carrot cholesterol to TFTs with capacitive touch screens.\",\n  \"image\": \"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-e1633450367235.jpg\",  \n  \"author\": {\n    \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n    \"name\": \"New Vision Display\",\n    \"url\": \"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/\"\n  },  \n  \"publisher\": {\n    \"@type\": \"Organization\",\n    \"name\": \"\",\n    \"logo\": {\n      \"@type\": \"ImageObject\",\n      \"url\": \"https:\/\/mk0newvisiondis71k7o.kinstacdn.com\/wp-content\/themes\/newvision\/images\/NVD-eye-logo-white.png\"\n    }\n  },\n  \"datePublished\": \"September 19, 2016\"\n}\n<\/script>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are liquid crystals? Liquid crystals are a class of molecular compounds which have one or more phases between the solid crystalline phase (like salt) and the isotropic liquid phase (like water). If you want to get really into the details, read our other article on what is \u201cliquid crystal\u201d? 1888: The discovery of liquid crystals &#8230;in carrot cholesterol Did you know carrots have cholesterol? Well, it&#8217;s true! In 1888, the Austrian biologist Friedrich Reinitzer&#8230;&nbsp;<br \/> <a class=\"readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/lcd-history\/\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2417,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1978],"tags":[2004,2005,2006,2002,2003,2007],"class_list":["post-2416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-lcd-displays","tag-custom-display","tag-custom-touchscreen","tag-display-design","tag-display-manufacturer","tag-touch-screen-manufacturer","tag-touchscreen-design","entry"],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-e1633450367235.jpg",1500,1000,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-e1633450367235.jpg",1500,1000,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-e1633450367235.jpg",1500,1000,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"project-thumbnails":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"category-thumb":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"home-thumb-med":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-700x467.jpg",700,467,true],"home-thumb-small":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-600x400.jpg",600,400,true],"home-thumb-big":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-940x627.jpg",940,627,true],"slide-head":["https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/shutterstock_320452769-1920x1280.jpg",1920,1280,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>Estimated reading time: 5 minutes Table of contentsWhat are liquid crystals?1888: The discovery of liquid crystals &#8230;in carrot cholesterol1927-1936: Liquid crystals developed into light valves1968: The first liquid crystal displayThe development of TN and STN LCDsThe development of Thin Film Transistor (TFT) LCDsIntegration of TFT LCDs with capacitive touch screens What are liquid crystals? Liquid crystals are a class of molecular compounds which have one or more phases between the solid crystalline phase (like salt) and the isotropic liquid phase (like water). If you want to get really into the details, read our other article on what is \u201cliquid crystal\u201d?&hellip;<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/category\/lcd-displays\/\" rel=\"category tag\">LCD Displays<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"NVDisplay","url":"https:\/\/www.newvisiondisplay.com\/ch\/author\/nvdisplay\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 comments","yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Fascinating History of the LCD Display | New Vision Display<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"History of the LCD: Beginning with the discovery of Liquid Crystals in the late 1800s by Austrian biologist Friedrich Reinitzer...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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